Diabetes is a chronic condition that is characterized by high blood glucose levels and can cause damage to multiple organs over time. Continuous monitoring of glucose levels is essential for both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. There have been major developments in glucose monitoring technology over the past decade, which have been driven by research and industry efforts. Despite these significant advancements, the area of glucose biosensors still faces significant challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive summary of the latest glucose monitoring technologies, including invasive

This paper proposes a reliable wireless configuration bits programmer for remotely resetting incorrectly-written Microchip AVR microcontrollers' Fuses and Lock Bits. The incorrect configuration bits programming leads critically to a micro-controller malfunction which requires correct reprogramming. The proposed programmer utilizes Wi-Fi for enabling the remote configuration bits programming via a PC or a smart mobile device. It employs the Microchip AVR High Voltage Parallel and Serial Programming protocols which uniquely support the configuration bits programming feature. The configuration

Air quality assessment has been discussed for urban environments with a high degree of industrialization, as they are infested with hazardous chemicals and airborne pollutants. The assessment is carried out by monitoring stations, that basically support limited areas while leaving large geographical areas uncovered. The expansion in the agriculture sector directed us towards air quality assessment on the farms. This is because research has shown that crops can be injured when exposed to high concentrations of various air pollutants, while also affecting farmers' health states. But those air

This paper introduces a Multi-Visual Cryptography (MVC) system for sharing two color images, where the secrets can be revealed with low computation power using all the shares. The system uses the generalized Tent map as a source of randomness to generate any number of random shares. More specifically, (n-1) random shares are generated, and then, the nth share is calculated from the random shares and the secrets using rotations of the shares. In recovery, rotation of the last share recovers the two images based on the angle of rotation. Half the number of pixels is recovered for each secret

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are remarkably able to fit complex functions, making them useful in various applications and systems. This paper uses ANN to fit the Pehlivan–Uyaroglu Chaotic System (PUCS) to produce an Artificial Neural Network Chaotic Pseudo-Random Number Generator (ANNC-PRNG). The proposed PRNG imitates the PUCS chaotic system's properties and attractor shape. The proposed ANNC-PRNG is implemented in a simple image encryption system on the Xilinx Kintex-7 Genesys 2 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) board. Hardware realization of an ANN trained on chaotic time series has

Multi-Secret Image Sharing (MSIS) is important in information security when multiple images are shared in an unintelligible form to different participants, where the images can only be recovered using the shares from participants. This paper proposes a simple and efficient ( n,n )-MSIS system for colored images based on XOR and Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT), where all the n share are required in the recovery. The system improves the security by adding dependency on the input images to be robust against differential attacks, and by using several delay units. It works with even and odd number

The textile industry is considered a source of pollution because of the discharge of dye wastewater. The dye wastewater effluent has a significant impact on the aquatic environment. According to the World Bank, textile dyeing, and treatment contribute 17 to 20% of the pollution of water. This paper aims to prepare the bimetallic nano zero-valent iron-copper (Fe0-Cu), algae-activated carbon, and their composites (AC-Fe0-Cu), which are employed as adsorbents. In this paper, Synthetic adsorbents are prepared and examined for the adsorption and removal of soluble cationic crystal violet (CV) dye

This study presents the simultaneous generation of two uncorrelated and continuous high-quality random bitstreams originating from a single physical system based on confined, nonthermal electrochemical microplasma operating under atmospheric conditions. The randomness is intrinsically inherited from the time-resolved electrical current and optical emission intensities of the microplasma system, which were collected using wide bandwidth current probe and photodetection device. The parallel bitstreams pass unambiguously all 15 NIST SP 800-22 statistical tests without the need for any data post

We seek to generalize and study the well-known Warburg impedance element, which has an impedance proportional to 1/s (s=jω is the complex frequency), to a two-port impedance network. For this purpose, we consider an infinite binary tree structure inside which each impedance is treated as a two-port network. We obtain a Warburg impedance matrix, which is both symmetrical and reciprocal, and study its equivalent circuit behavior. Interestingly, the equivalent circuit contains two resistors and a Cole–Davidson type impedance proportional to 1+2/(τs), where τ is a time constant. Simulation results

The interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data by fitting them to equivalent circuit models has been a standard method of analysis in electrochemistry. However, the inversion of the data from the frequency domain to a distribution function of relaxation times (DFRT) has gained considerable attention for impedance data analysis as it can reveal more detailed information about the underlying electrochemical processes without requiring a priori knowledge. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide a general and practical procedure for obtaining analytically the DFRT from