Background: One of the major concerns in implantable optoelectronics is the heat generated by emitters such as light emitting diodes (LEDs). Such devices typically produce more heat than light, whereas medical regulations state that the surface temperature change of medical implants must stay below + 2 °C. The LED's reverse current can be employed as a temperature-sensitive parameter to measure the temperature change at the implant's surface, and thus, monitor temperature rises. The main challenge in this approach is to bias the LED with a robust voltage since the reverse current is strongly

Recently, numerous research works in retinal-structure analysis have been performed to analyze retinal images for diagnosing and preventing ocular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, which is the first most common causes of vision loss in the world. In this paper, an algorithm for vessel detection in fundus images is employed. First, a denoising process using the noise-estimation-based anisotropic diffusion technique is applied to restore connected vessel lines in a retinal image and eliminate noisy lines. Next, a multi-scale line-tracking algorithm is implemented to detect all the blood

This paper presents a comparative study of four fractional order filters used for edge detection. The noise performance of these filters is analyzed upon the addition of random Gaussian noise, as well as the addition of salt and pepper noise. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of the detected images is numerically compared. The mean square error (MSE) of the detected images as well as the execution time are also adopted as evaluation methods for comparison. The visual comparison of the filters capability in medical image edge detection is presented, that can help in the diagnosis of

This paper is dedicated to develop a fractional order model of the rate of change of cancerous blood cells in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia using fractional-order differential equations as well as tackling the factors that affect this rate and compare between them. The simulated cases (using MATLAB) prove that the proposed model is doable in terms of the variables positions in the equations and its effect on the overall population. Also, the effect of the Pactional order is investigated through three parameters sets and it has shown strong influence on the dynamic response. © 2017 IEEE.

Swarm intelligence represents a meta-heuristic approach to solve a wide variety of problems. Searching for similar patterns of genes is becoming very essential to predict the expression of genes under various conditions. Firefly clustering inspired by the behaviour of fireflies helps in grouping genes that behave alike. Contrasting hard clustering methodology, fuzzy clustering assigns membership values for every gene and predicts the possibility of belonging to every cluster. To distinguish highly expressed and suppressed genes, the research in this paper proposes an efficient fuzzy-firefly

Due to the dispersive porous nature of its material, carbon–carbon supercapacitors have a current–voltage relationship which is modeled by a fractional-order differential equation of the form i(t)=Cα[Formula presented] where α≤1 is a dispersion coefficient and Cα is a pseudo-capacitance not measurable in Farads. Hence, the energy stored in a capacitor, known to equal CV2/2 where C is the capacitance in Farad and V is the voltage applied, does not apply to a supercapacitor. In a recent work (Allagui et al., 2016), a fractional-order energy equation that enables the quantification of the energy

Plasmonic photovoltaics (PVs) are promising structures that improve thin-film photovoltaics performance, where optical absorption is improved via embedding metallic nanoparticles in the PV's active layer to trap the incident optical wave into the photovoltaic cell. The presented work investigates the design of PV with both structures of conical and cylindrical metallic nanoparticles through studying their extinction cross-sections and electric field distributions. Also, the impact of these nanoparticles in silicon PVs on the optical absorption enhancement is investigated. The figure of merit

Pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound is commonly used in the diagnosis of cardiovascular and blood flow abnormalities. Doppler techniques have gained clinical significance due to its safety, real-time performance and affordability. This work presents the development of a pulsed wave spectral Doppler module, which was integrated into a reconfigurable ultrasound system. The targeted system adopts a hardware-software partitioning scheme where an FPGA handles the front-end and a PC performs the back-end. Two factors were considered during the design. First, the data transfer rate between hardware and